Home Field (court) advantage and officiating
Officiating has been a popular topic in several game threads of late. During tonight's ugly pageant of a basketball game it was discussed at length.
There has been discussion about whether the B1G favors teams it wants to try and help make the tournament or otherwise keep in the national discussion. This concept is not pushed by many, and I generally hate conspiracy theories. But I will concede that if Tim Donaghy can get away with intentionally impacting games until well after the fact, I don't think you can completely dismiss the idea. I just think it's extemely unlikely.
There has also been discussion about whether MSU's style, or Izzo's relationship with officials, or some other unknown factor is the cause of this injustice.
I happen to agree that in a few cases this year (notably @Wisconsin, and @ Illinois) the officiating has been bad. But it reminded me of an article SI had that attempted to identify the cause of Home Field Advantage.
After trying to find the article, it appears it is no longer in the SI archive and was actually an excerpt from a book titled Scorecasting: The Hidden Influences Behind How Sports Are Played and Games are Won
Now the article isn't there anymore, and I haven't read the entire book. But thanks to the internet, this is not a problem, because other people have summarized the article/book for me
Links:
http://sports-law.blogspot.com/2011/01/home-field-advantage-and-umpire-analogy.html
http://sabermetricresearch.blogspot.com/2011/01/scorecasting-is-home-field-advantage.html
http://www.significancemagazine.org/details/webexclusive/999747/Why-do-home-teams-win.html
The theory is basically that when reviewed across large samples athlete/team performance doesn't really vary home vs away. The only thing that really changes is how officials call the game, and that the size/intensity of the home crowd plays a factor as well. They look across several sports, and even find a small "control" group in a European soccer league which forced its teams to play in front of empty stadiums due to security concerns.
They suggest that basically officials are influenced by crowd reaction on those 50/50 calls or no calls. An official sees a play that might be a foul and in the split second after it happens they are deciding whether to blow the whistle the crowd goes nuts and it subconsiously reinforces them and they make the call.
The links above raise some potential concerns, and again I haven't read the book. I don't know if I buy it entirely, but thought I would share it as a potential explanation for what we sometimes see when MSU goes on the road.*
*I also strongly suspect that other teams/fanbases would argue the same thing. That their team gets hosed, especially on the road. Unlike the officials, many of us are biased both consiously and unconsciously. I don't watch other B1G teams with the same level of interest to say for certain, but my strong suspicion is that it's not just MSU that gets bad calls.
This is a FanPost, written by a member of the TOC community. It does not represent the official positions of The Only Colors, Inc.--largely because we have no official positions.
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It's definitely not just MSU.
Remember Hanlon’s Razor: assume incompetence before malice.
I've got this terrible pain in all the diodes down my left-hand side.
Bradley-Terry rankings for college football and basketball: because there aren't enough computer rankings already.
Scorecasting is a good read
(also, one of the authors grew up in Oakland County, so there is a state of MI connection there).
And yeah, basically, the thought is that refs are likely influenced by the crowd and make 50/50 or questionable calls more in favor of the home team. And that goes both ways, as in, not just bad calls going against the visitor (such as last night, when we saw multiple touch calls, especially Draymond’s last two personals, plus the tech), as well as NOT making the same calls against the home team – again, see last night’s first half, the guy getting in Trice’s face in the second, and the first half of the @ Wisc game.
The theory also says that officials will err on the side of caution in tight moments, as in, they won’t call that pitch right on the corner a 3rd strike very late in a close ballgame, though that exact same pitch vs. the same batter earlier in the game may have been called. Which can explain things like whistles getting swallowed in the final moments of games. And even though I hate to say it, in the long run, MSU benefits as much from those non-calls as it is hurt by them – see the last win in Crisler, for example, when it sure looked like Summers used the M player as a springboard to go up & get the lob he laid in for the game winner.
Last night’s game thread got a bit heated at a few times, and that’s OK – the reason us TOC regulars are TOC regulars is because we’re passionate Spartan sports fans. And when things aren’t going our teams way, we get upset. Eventually, the foul numbers evened out, but that still doesn’t mean it was an evenly well called game. The team attacking the basket and consistently getting it inside was getting no whistles early, while the team taking jumpers or just barreling into the lane with its head down was getting calls. There was a quick series early in the 2nd half, when Illinois got like four whistles against them in a quick period, that helped even things out. Also, I felt that there were at least two calls against the Illini in the 2nd half that were make-up calls, probably a result of Izzo getting in the officials ears.
I don’t really agree with the point of view that the calls (and lack of) last night were part of a grander conspiracy, though I won’t hold it against people who feel that way. There certainly were enough inconsistencies with whistles to support that point of view. IMO, we simply saw what the guys in Scorecasting set out to prove – that the home team will benefit.
Finally, the guys at Big Ten Powerhouse recently looked at how hard it is to win on the road in the B1G, and in a reply to an astute commenter, it turns out that there is a 4 whistle discrepancy for MSU when home/on the road, or around 25%. Though a lot of variables go into that final number (mainly, deliberate fouling at the end to extend the game), I still think some meaning can be taken from that stat.
Re-reading
I meant the addendum to be a little bit tongue in cheek, which was dumb because it is the sort of thing that never comes across in print or online unless the writer is far more talented than I am.
I would wager that every fan base believes their team gets hosed by calls, both home and away. Though I have heard it argued that MSU’s style makes them particularly susceptible to poor officiating because we tend to rely on physical play. There is some merit to that theory, but It would be an awfully diffcult thing to prove.
I proposed this yesterday
And it would take a close look at the data, but I’d be curious to see whether highly “biased” games occur more often for bubble teams than for teams solidly in or out of the field
Schadenfreude ist die schoenste Freude
Old, fat geezers
What infuriates me about college football and college bball refs is that they are all old and out of shape. Seriously, these guys are well into their 50s and even early 60s. They look like they just came to the games from the buffet lines and bowling alleys. And then they get out there with young, extremely healthy elite level athletes who are moving at the speed of sound.
There should be a strict physical standard to be a referee in these games. Get some younger men out there who are in shape and capable of keeping up with the flow of the game.
Also, refs need to be held accountable. I say they need to be held accountable MORE, but that implies that they are already held accountable, which they are not. The notion that they have a tough job and are “doing great out there” when they are consistently blowing and missing calls-is absurd. They should be reviewed and held to a standard of performance. This would probably cut down on influence from crowds and coaches and probably make the refs work harder in their jobs. Just because they have the whistles doesn’t make them exempt from performance standards. Not in my book anyway.
I agree almost entirely on Conors’ suggestions. Congress should be held to a high level, but they aren’t BECAUSE they are powerful and could enact future legislation in retaliation. The President isn’t held accountable because he represents half the population. You only put yourself at risk when you question power. That’s why the players are taught not to react to bad calls. The Coaches are worried about retaliation when those terrible calls are argued. Did anybody see Izzo chew out Draymond after the tech? The announcer said “he put himself above the team” by reacting. That’s nuts. He’s the captain. He is defending his team from an official that has many bad calls to his name unnecessarily before. No matter what happens to M.S.U. basketball, Green will have a great career, in or out of sports. Basketball is not worth giving up your rights to a bad authority.
Some Food For Thought
1. ESPN dot com declares how much a win will help Illinois’, and by default the Big Ten’s, tournament profile. A horrendously officiated game that ultimately benefited the home team.
2. http://statsheet.com/mcb/referees/ted-valentine/teams Under team summary, sort by fouls. He usually gets the call to officiate key games for MSU, when it’s obvious he has some sort of vendetta against Izzo.
All part of the complex relationship this school has with the rest of the conference which largely goes unreported.
http://pittsfieldindex.blogspot.com/
http://www.facebook.com/pages/Pittsfield-Ratings-Index/142673082487903
More food for thought
1) Illinois actually got called for quite a few more fouls than we did in the second half – they never got to the double-bonus even with us giving them two intentional clock-stopping fouls late.
2) Valentine wasn’t at the game; it was Jim Burr.
3) We have a tendency to commit more fouls, on average, than a lot of other teams. Heavy emphasis on rebounding and somewhat physical defense will do that. I don’t like Valentine much, but if you want to make the case that he’s out to get us, you’ll need better evidence than that. (There’s also pace to consider – we play at a faster pace than most Big Ten teams, so there are naturally going to be more fouls even if it’s the same per-possession rate.)
I've got this terrible pain in all the diodes down my left-hand side.
Bradley-Terry rankings for college football and basketball: because there aren't enough computer rankings already.
I'm not really one to believe that an individual ref has a bias against a specific team
(but won’t hate on someone who feels that way, unless it’s just way over the top)
BUT, if you want evidence of Eddie HT hating on the Spartans, here’s exhibit A:
http://statsheet.com/mcb/games/2008/01/12/michigan-state-36-iowa-43
Please elaborate on this:
All part of the complex relationship this school has with the rest of the conference which largely goes unreported.
Elaboration
1. Delany and Hollis don’t get along, mainly because Hollis will call that spineless toad’s bluff.
2. No one really wanted us to join the conference back in 1950, it was more a marriage of convenience.
3. Ever notice how whenever Michigan State wins at something, more so in football than in basketball, it’s usually due to the fact that we’re a bunch of cheating thugs that Groucho Mark had to pay to get on campus? Unlike others in the Big Ten, we’re actually far more likely to turn our ire after a loss towards our own like Roushar or Cousins.
We’re pariahs because we don’t know our place. We have the gall to have an elite basketball program (one clearly better than the other 11), a rising football program and most importantly, a visionary for an athletic director who makes all the other administrators associated with the Big Ten look pathetic as they wallow in their hubris. Go ahead and defend the BCS and what it means to be a Michigan Man and field ineligible players and turn a blind eye to pedophilia and continue to employ Bruce Weber, we’ll go play on aircraft carriers in front of the President and save the conference’s blushes in the postseason, thank you very much.
http://pittsfieldindex.blogspot.com/
http://www.facebook.com/pages/Pittsfield-Ratings-Index/142673082487903
by PittsfieldIndex on Feb 5, 2012 3:52 PM CST up reply actions
Horse Feathers reference!
My favorite of the Marx Bros movies.
by njd on Feb 5, 2012 4:51 PM CST up reply actions
Dude. I'm a Spartan...
1. I agree.
2. We couldn’t get into the conference if “no one really wanted us to join”. We got enough votes from the other 8 and they were able to sway UM. Everyone who was involved in that decision is dead. Some very long since dead.
We don’t need to “know our place”. We’re a strong member of the conference and only getting stronger.
Go GREEN!
I disagree
Maybe those guys are dead, but their deciples are not. The Big Ten leadership and power brokers think that a conference with two brands (OSU, UM) like the good old days, is the best thing for everyone.
(Now Being Sarcastic)
What will happen if THE GAME is for 3rd and 4th place in the Big Ten?
I take responsibility
I’ll own up to being the one who got this whole debate started. I almost got shouted off the board for proposing the ‘greater conspiracy’ theory. I even called it a fix at one point in time.
I’m really not a complete lunatic (just during MSU basketball games). Do I really believe it’s a ‘fix’? No, but I do believe that the Big 10 is guilty of skewing calls towards the teams that need it the most. I have just watched too many basketball games over the past 15 years where a clearly superior team is beaten or played close by a lesser team who received the benefit of some, at best, questionable officiating. I’m sure I see it more during Michigan State games, but I’ve become so accustomed to it, that I now can pretty much tell which way it is going to go based on what would be better for the conference.
Take Wisconsin this year as an example. They have been a pretty consistent program over the last 10 years or so. They travel really well, and it would be hard for anyone to deny that they are one of the conferences top basketball programs. I know they are on a bit of a hot streak now, but this is the worst Wisconsin team I can remember, yet they are still near the top of the league. The game we played there was one of those games where the officiating was downright pathetic. Wisconsin has been a physical defensive program over this last decade, yet they manage to go 10 minutes of the second half without being whistled for a foul. That disparity is the only way they stay in that game. That foul difference has happened a number of other times for them as well. Again, if this is a soft team, I can live with less fouls being called, but this is Wisconsin, and Bo that this Wisconsin team is not a creation of the Big10, through blatantly biased officiating.
The first half against Illinois the other night is much the same. Everyone knows how badly Illinois needed that game, and the officials seemed to understand that as well. MSU didn’t help themselves at all by shooting poorly, but the tone of the game was set early when fouls were not called on the repeated fouls Illinois was giving near the basket. If a couple of those are called early, the tone of the game is different. It is still possible that they lose because of the poor shooting, but it’s also possible that the confidence gained from their early domination on the boards carries throughout the game.
I’m not making the point that refs can win or lose very many games on their own. The players are responsible for the outcome most of the time, but we’ve all seen too many instances where a game not being called evenly has affected it’s pace, and also the outcome as a result.
Again, all I ask of the officials is call the game evenly. If that is done, the team that played better wins, and that won’t always be the team that needs the win to make the tournament or secure a number 1 seed in it, but at least no one questions the game’s (and league’s) integrity.
I Bleed Green.
by eriksmithdotcom on Feb 3, 2012 12:03 PM CST reply actions
Good cliche:
Players win games.
Coaches lose games.
Officials ruin games.
by MSUDersh on Feb 3, 2012 1:20 PM CST up reply actions 1 recs
I agree completely.
As I said in an earlier thread. When one team (home) misses a lot of outside shots and the other (visiting) misses a lot of inside shots, there’s a lot of uncalled fouling going on.
Was it intentional by the refs? Influenced by Assembly Hall crowd? Who knows. But I have no doubt that it happened.
best improvement stategy
Have seven crews of officials and rate each official every week and have the worst each week go for improvement training the next week. At least then you could be claiming to do something about improving the quality.
by James Rinkevich on Feb 11, 2012 4:50 PM CST via iPhone app reply actions
Unfortunately
The first step to improvement is admitting there is a problem, which is anathema to every officiating body everywhere – so officiating tends to lag waaaaay behind the game.
You got that right, Ronin
Every fanbase in this conference, not to mention beat reporters for every team, constantly complain about officiating, with the most legitimate complaing (IMHO) being inconsitencies in calls. While I know complaining about officiating is a tradition in sports, when it’s that pervasive & consistent, it makes me think that the fans may be correct.
I firmly believe that a big part of the problem is the sheer number of games worked. For example, Ted Valentine is in his mid to late 50’s (couldn’t find an exact birthdate, but did find in a bio that he started reffing at lower level colleges in 1980, after graduating from college, so assume that he’s been doing this since age 22 at a minimum, making him 54 today), yet still averages nearly 90 games per season at the NCAA level. He’s worked 69 games so far this season since his first game on Nov. 11, a period of roughly 13 weeks (91 days).
Just look at his schedule on statsheets http://statsheet.com/mcb/referees/ted-valentine/schedule
This month alone, he’s worked 9 games in 12 nights, travelling from Evanston to W Lafayette to Statesboro, GA, to Conway, SC, to Charlottsville, VA, to Minneapolis, to Columbus, to Blacksburg, VA. He has had several runs of 4-5 consecutive nights working games, in different cities and states.
All this adds up to, how good a job can he really be doing with all that travelling and consecutive nights working??
How about Jared Sullinger's dad whining to the press about his son getting hacked by MSU?
Did he forget that, MSU had basically doubled up tOSU in terms of fouls called on them (17-9) and tOSU had shot nearly three times as many FTs as MSU did (22-8) before tOSU began deliberately fouling in the last two minutes?
tOSU LIVES on getting to the line, they have the best FTR% in the conference by a lot, while also being one of the worst 3pt shooting teams, both in percentage made, as well as number of shots per game.
MSU figured out how to minimized Sullinger on offense without bodying him up, and that was by throwing guards at him to slap at the ball when he brings it down. That’s why he had such bad turnover & assist numbers, and only a few buckets down low. Frankly, it’s how you stop most big men, it’s certainly a strategy that has worked to slow down both Payne & Nix on our squad. Sullinger got to the line 8 times that game, made six, also hit a three & a long range two, meaning that 11 of his 17 points were not in the paint. By not doubling him, there weren’t open shooters to kick it out to, which is why his assist numbers sucked.
Basically, MSU just showed the country how you slow down Sullinger. And when you slow him down, you slow down tOSU, bc they can’t shoot for shit unless they are wide open.
Statistical Article
I saw an article once with Ed Hightower super-imposed into a scene from Empire Strikes Back that talked about how it’s almost impossible for their not to be bias.
Essentially, if you were the underdog, down by more than 10, there was like an 80% chance that Ed’s next call would be in your favor. And it just wasn’t statistically possible that this would be the outcome over time.

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